IPAMORELIN MEDICINAL
§06 — REFERENCES

The Ipamorelin literature: full citations.

18 primary references with DOIs, PubMed links, and journal details. The numbered list below maps to inline citation chips on every content page.

  1. Ipamorelin, the first selective growth hormone secretagogue Raun K, Hansen BS, Johansen NL, Thøgersen H, Madsen K, Ankersen M, Andersen PH. European Journal of Endocrinology. 1998;139(5):552–561. DOI: 10.1530/eje.0.1390552 · PMID: 9849822 ↗
  2. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of ipamorelin and other peptidyl growth hormone secretagogues with emphasis on nasal absorption Johansen PB, Hansen KT, Andersen JV, Johansen NL. Xenobiotica. 1998;28(12):1235–1248. DOI: 10.1080/004982598238976 · PMID: 9879640 ↗
  3. Ipamorelin, a new growth-hormone-releasing peptide, induces longitudinal bone growth in rats Johansen PB, Nowak J, Skjaerbaek C, Flyvbjerg A, Andreassen TT, Wilken M, Orskov H. Growth Hormone and IGF Research. 1999;9(2):106–113. DOI: 10.1054/ghir.1999.9998 · PMID: 10373343 ↗
  4. The growth hormone secretagogue ipamorelin counteracts glucocorticoid-induced decrease in bone formation of adult rats Andersen NB, Malmlöf K, Johansen PB, Andreassen TT, Ørtoft G, Oxlund H. Growth Hormone and IGF Research. 2001;11(5):266–272. DOI: 10.1054/ghir.2001.0239 · PMID: 11735244 ↗
  5. Efficacy of ipamorelin, a novel ghrelin mimetic, in a rodent model of postoperative ileus Venkova K, Mann W, Nelson R, Greenwood-Van Meerveld B. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 2009;329(3):1110–1116. DOI: 10.1124/jpet.108.149211 · PMID: 19289567 ↗
  6. Efficacy of ipamorelin, a ghrelin mimetic, on gastric dysmotility in a rodent model of postoperative ileus Greenwood-Van Meerveld B, Tyler K, Mohammadi E, Pietra C. Journal of Experimental Pharmacology. 2012;4:149–155. DOI: 10.2147/JEP.S35396 · PMID: 27186127 ↗
  7. Influence of chronic treatment with the growth hormone secretagogue Ipamorelin, in young female rats: somatotroph response in vitro Jiménez-Reina L, Cañete R, de la Torre MJ, Bernal G. Histology and Histopathology. 2002;17(3):707–714. DOI: 10.14670/HH-17.707 · PMID: 12168778 ↗
  8. Growth hormone (GH)-independent stimulation of adiposity by GH secretagogues Lall S, Tung LY, Ohlsson C, Jansson JO, Dickson SL. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 2001;280(1):132–138. DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.4065 · PMID: 11162489 ↗
  9. Determination of growth hormone releasing peptides metabolites in human urine after nasal administration of GHRP-1, GHRP-2, GHRP-6, Hexarelin, and Ipamorelin Semenistaya E, Zvereva I, Thomas A, Thevis M, Krotov G, Rodchenkov G. Drug Testing and Analysis. 2015;7(11–12):1014–1019. DOI: 10.1002/dta.1787 · PMID: 25869809 ↗
  10. Prolonged Stimulation of Growth Hormone (GH) and Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Secretion by CJC-1295, a Long-Acting Analog of GH-Releasing Hormone, in Healthy Adults Teichman SL, Neale A, Lawrence B, Gagnon C, Castaigne JP, Frohman LA. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2006;91(3):799–805. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2005-1536 · Full text ↗
  11. Pulsatile secretion of growth hormone (GH) persists during continuous stimulation by CJC-1295, a long-acting GH-releasing hormone analog Ionescu M, Frohman LA. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2006;91(12):4792–4797. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2006-1702 · PMID: 17018654 ↗
  12. Beyond the androgen receptor: the role of growth hormone secretagogues in the modern management of body composition in hypogonadal males Sinha DK, Balasubramanian A, Tatem AJ, Rivera-Mirabal J, Yu J, Kovac J, Pastuszak AW, Lipshultz LI. Translational Andrology and Urology. 2020;9(Suppl 2):S149–S159. DOI: 10.21037/tau.2019.11.30 · Full text ↗
  13. Spotlight on tesamorelin in HIV-associated lipodystrophy Dhillon S. BioDrugs. 2011;25(5):337–338. DOI: 10.2165/11208290-000000000-00000 · PMID: 22050344 ↗
  14. Growth hormone secretagogues: history, mechanism of action, and clinical development Ishida J, et al. JCSM Rapid Communications. 2020;3(1):25–37. DOI: 10.1002/rco2.9 · Full text ↗
  15. Safety and Efficacy of Ipamorelin for Management of Post-Operative Ileus (NCT00672074) Helsinn Therapeutics (sponsor). ClinicalTrials.gov. 2017. clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00672074 ↗
  16. FDA Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee — Briefing document review of ipamorelin acetate for 503A bulk drug substance nomination FDA Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 2024. fda.gov/media/182088/download ↗
  17. Body composition, hepatic fat, metabolic, and safety outcomes of Tesamorelin, a GHRH analogue, in HIV-associated lipodystrophy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 2026;222:112113. DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112113 · PMID: 41545261 ↗
  18. Effect of tesamorelin in people with HIV with and without dorsocervical fat: Post hoc analysis of phase III double-blind placebo-controlled trial PMC. 2023. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9947601/ ↗